LED Materials (GaN, GaAs, etc.) and Equipment News
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Editorial:
The Dream Bulb That LEDs Will Enable
... As a result of a midnight premier of Star Trek - Into Darkness last night (this morning, technically), the forward-looking technology thoughts are flowing judiciously. Apparently I walked into the conclusion of the discussion on when and where the movie was happening, only to catch the part where I... Read the editorial...
(if it resists... go here)
Welcome
to your LED Materials (GaN, GaAs, etc.) and Equipment news channel!
The
opportunities presented by the increasing rapid adoption of high brightness LEDs,
in all their forms and applications, represents nothing short of a "digital
revolution" for a previously "analog" world. LEDs are having a
substantial disruptive effect on a number of established technologies, and where
there is disruption, there is an intense need for information.
LIGHTimes Online is here to serve the information needs of the LED industry
supply chain, as well as integrators and non-architectural application solution
providers with technology, product and market news updates for these rapidly evolving
devices. Our readership also includes LED packagers, technology enablers and service
companies seeking the the answers to how best to meet their customers' needs.
For
architectural lighting and applications news of interest specifically to lighting
designers, specifiers, and architectural lighting decision makers, along with
luminaire designers, lighting system integrators and lighting subsystem developers,
please visit our sister publication, Solid
State Lighting Design.
SSL
is booming and the 2011/2012 Summit Series is coming back to keep the message
on quality
Launched in 2008, the SSL
Summit will bring the quality story to New York City in October 2011, and
then back to LA in March 2012. At every one of the Summit events, the feedback
remains consistent: Just what we need, do it again soon. The Summit brings together
lighting decision makers with industry thought leaders, pioneers, and innovators
from the across the solid state lighting eco-system.
Continuing the tradition, 2011/2012 will continue
to be all about quality, quality, quality.Showcase
participants and sponsors are vetted to separate the wheat from the chaff
(have your IES LM-79 test reports ready!). Last year's event in NYC included
representatives of over 100 million square feet of developed property, and the
one thing we don't want to leave out for 2011 is you! Look into the series information
at www.SSLsummit.com for the details.
Sponsorships are available for the full series.
Bridgelux Closes Agreement and Expands Relationship with Toshiba to Drive GaN-on-Silicon Development LiGHTimes News Staff
May 20, 2013...Bridgelux Inc., of Livermore California USA, a developer and manufacturer of
LED lighting technologies, has closed an agreement with Toshiba Corporation.
The agreement was originally announced on April 22, 2013 (See: Coverage),
and the companies have now completed the transfer of Bridgelux GaN-on-Silicon
technology assets to Toshiba.
The agreement includes an expanded licensing and manufacturing supply
relationship. Bridgelux says it will continue to develop and market its
GaN-on-Sapphire LED products as a fabless solid state lighting company. The
companies began their collaboration in early 2012, and later in 2012 Toshiba
became an investor in Bridgelux. As part of the previously announced agreement,
Toshiba hired Bridgelux’s GaN-on-Silicon development team. In turn,
Bridgelux reportedly retains a majority of its revenue generating operations as
a fabless LED company.
“We are thrilled to be moving into the next stage of our joint
work with Toshiba to advance GaN-on-Silicon-based solid state lighting
technologies,” said Brad Bullington, CEO of Bridgelux. “As
we outlined last month, Bridgelux will focus on commercializing, productizing
and bringing to market GaN-on-Silicon technologies alongside a proven global
scale semiconductor manufacturer. At the same time, we remain committed to our
GaN-on-Sapphire business and look forward to continuing to provide world-class
innovation and service to our customers.”
Bridgelux says it will continue developing GaN-on-Sapphire LED products which drive its operating revenue.
May 16, 2013...QD Vision of Lexington, Massachusetts, a developer of quantum dot based LEDs,
reports having achieved 19 cd/A efficiency and 18 percent external quantum
efficiency. QD Vision’s latest QLED performance results are currently
published in the 21
April 2013 issue of Nature Photonics. In the article, QD Vision reports
achieving 18% External Quantum Efficiency (EQE) with a color saturated red
quantum dot-based LED.
The company claims that this puts QLEDs near the fundamental efficiency
limit of the technology which the company says is 20 percent for quantum
dots.These results are two times higher efficiency than previously reported
state-of-the-art efficiency of a QLED device. QD Vision says its current and
luminous power efficiency are better than the best evaporated OLED result of
the same color coordinate, and significantly better than what
solution-processed OLEDs have thus far achieved.
In comparison, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) recently
reported 11 percent external quantum efficiency for a blue organic light
emitting diode (OLED) at 800 cd/m2. However Phosphor-based OLEDs are apparently
not included in the company's comparison statement.
“This paper clearly demonstrates the fundamental efficiency
advantage that QLEDs have over any other emissive display technology. Achieving
this milestone is a great breakthrough and the result of years of hard work and
dedication to achieving what others may have thought impossible,”
said QD Vision co-founder Seth Coe-Sullivan.
While at an earlier stage of development and commercialization than QD
Vision’s Color IQTM products, QD Vision says that its QLED performance is
already suitable for use in certain products that require precision color
solutions in an ultra-slim form factor, including monochrome visible and
infrared displays, and lighting devices for machine and night vision
applications.
Researchers Use Strain Engineering to Improve Green LED Light Output LIGHTimes News Staff
May 8, 2013...Researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Institute of
Semiconductors, Beijing, and University of Hong Kong have used strain
engineering to improve the light output of Green LEDs. The researchers improved
the light output of a 530nm green LED operating at 150 mA by 28.9 percent [Hongjian Li et al, Appl. Phys.
Express, vol6, p052102, 2013].
The researchers note that green-emitting nitride semiconductor LED
structures tend to suffer from low light output due to the difficulty in
producing the high-indium-content indium gallium nitride (InGaN) needed for
longer-wavelength light emission. In addition to the material quality
challenge, strain induced by the lattice mismatch with pure GaN leads to large
piezoelectric effects, giving electric fields that tend to pull electrons and
holes apart, reducing rates of recombination into photons (i.e. the
quantum-confined Stark effect, or QCSE), thus reducing quantum efficiency.
The Chinese team inserted a layer of lower-indium-content InGaN before the
high-In-content light-emitting layer. Simulations suggested that such a layer
could reduce the strain-dependent electric fields in the active light-emitting
multiple quantum well (MQW) structure.
MOCVD on C-plane sapphire was used to produce epitaxial material with a
low-In-content InGaN shallow quantum well (SQW) step. A 325nm helium-cadmium
laser was used to excite the photoluminescence spectra of the materials at low
temperature (85K) and room temperature (298K). One effect of the SQW was to
reduce the width of the spectral peak full-width at half maximum (FWHM) at 85K
from 16.7nm for the conventional LED material to 13.1nm for the SQW material.
The 298K measurement reduced the conventional FWHM of 20.1nm to 15.7nm. The
peak intensity was also higher with the SQW structure, therefore the SQW
material had improved crystal quality.
The peak height for the SQW material at 298K was 55.1% that at 85K. The
corresponding ratio for the conventional structure was 24.1%. The higher ratio
for the SQW material indicates a higher rate of radiative recombination and
higher internal quantum efficiency (IQE).
The electroluminescence was measured in an integrating sphere, giving light
output power–current–voltage (L–I–V) results. The
voltage performance is similar in the SQW and conventional devices. However,
the light output at 150mA is 28.9% greater in the SQW LED (49.3mW) over the
conventional device (38.4mW).
The researchers point out that improved overlap of the electron and hole
wavefunctions in the device leads to improved recombination into photons. The
external quantum efficiency (EQE) increased from 10.2–13.3% over the
conventional LED performance.
May 6, 2013...CrystAl-N, a German maker of AlN crystals is shifting its production from
1-inch to 2-inch AlN and accepting pre-orders of the new material. CrystAl-N is accepting pre-orders now. The company was founded in 2010 as a spin-off of Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg. The company
says that its AlN substrates will boost the efficiency of deep UV LEDs, lasers
and high-power, high-frequency devices as soon as its cost-performance ratio is competitive. Furthermore CrystAl-N says that shifting production to larger
substrates will help to improve cost performance ratio.
Company CTO Boris Epelbaum commented, "Further diameter increase in our
patented tungsten based furnaces is not limited as we are using SiC as initial
seed."
Wafer polishing drastically improved as well for the AlN substrates.
"The corresponding wafers feature surface roughness of less than 0.3 nm and
are highly UV transparent," said Octavian Filip, director of wafering.
Hitachi Cable Develops Technology for Mass Production of GaN Templates CompoundSemi News Staff
April 29, 2013...Hitachi Cable has developed a new mass-production technology for
GaN-templates. The process grows high-quality GaN single-crystal thin film on a
sapphire substrate. The company plans to start selling these templates. The
company says that using the templates as a base substrate for an epitaxial
wafer for white LEDs allows drastic improvement in productivity of white LED
epiwafers and the LED properties
MOPVE can reportedly grow a white LED epiwafer consisting of a thin active
layer and a p-type GaN layer with a total thickness of about 1μm over an
n-type GaN layer with a thickness of about 10μm, grown on a sapphire
substrate. However, it takes a long time to grow a high-quality and thick
n-type GaN layer. White LED epiwafers can be grown only about once or twice a
day at the most.
Hitachi Cable GaN-template reportedly can solve this problem because the
n-type GaN layer is already grown on the template. Hitachi Cable says that this
can reduce the time required for growth by about half compared with
conventional methods. The GaN-templates are also said to be suitable for
high-output LEDs which require large currents because they allow both low
resistance and high crystal formation,
The firm has developed single-crystal free-standing GaN substrates used for
blue-violet lasers and developed HVPE-growth technology and machines for
mass-production of GaN substrates. Template sized 2”, 4” and
6” are available with 8” templates in development.
Epistar Signs LED Collaboration and IP Licensing Agreement With Intermolecular LIGHTimes News Staff
April 23, 2013...Epistar, Corp. and Intermolecular, Inc. of San Jose, California USA, have
signed a collaborative development program (CDP) and royalty-bearing IP
licensing agreement to increase the efficiency and reduce cost of Epistar's LED
devices. Under this agreement, Epistar and Intermolecular engineers will
together leverage Intermolecular's High Productivity Combinatorial (HPC™)
technology platform for development and manufacturing qualification of novel
materials and processes for advanced LED products.
Intermolecular notes that in the highly competitive LED market, new
technologies created by R&D are needed to both improve light output and to
reduce costs. Intermolecular contends that using the HPC Platform, will help
Epistar accelerate the pace of R&D ten times or more compared to what can
be achieved in a conventional LED lab.
"After a rigorous review of Intermolecular's capabilities through an
initial collaboration engagement, we have seen how their combinatorial approach
to materials innovation and device integration can augment Epistar's leadership
in LED technology," said M. J. Jou, president of Epistar.
"Collaboration with our industry partners has been critical to our
world-leading R&D and manufacturing strategy. We are confident that
leveraging Intermolecular's team and technology platform will further increase
our competitive advantage."
Sandeep Nijhawan, senior vice president and general manager of
Intermolecular's clean energy group commented, "Entering into a strategic
engagement with a top-tier LED company like Epistar validates the applicability
and disruptive potential of the HPC technology platform for LEDs, a market that
continues to have tremendous room for growth and technology
innovation."
Plessey Releases First GaN on Silicon LED Samples LIGHTimes News Staff
April 9, 2013...Plessey announced that samples of its gallium nitride (GaN) on silicon LED products (p/n PLW111010) are now available. According to Plessey, these entry level products are the first LEDs manufactured on 6-inch GaN on silicon substrates to be commercially
available anywhere in the world.
Plessey reportedly uses its proprietary large diameter GaN on silicon process technology to manufacture the LEDs on its 6-inch MAGICTM (Manufactured on GaN I/C) line at its Plymouth, England facility. Plessey contends that the use of it MAGIC GaN line using standard
semiconductor manufacturing processing provides yield entitlements of greater than 95% and fast
processing times providing a significant cost advantage over sapphire and silicon carbide based
solutions for LEDs of similar quality.
The release of the availability of Plessey’s GaN on silicon LEDs coincided with a visit to the
Plessey Plymouth facility by the Rt. Hon. Dr. Vince Cable, MP, Secretary of State for Business
Innovation and Skills and President of the Board of Trade. Business Secretary Vince Cable
commented, “The government is supporting innovative companies like Plessey who are growing,
creating jobs and exporting their products all over the world. That’s why we selected Plessey’s
£3.25 million Regional Growth Fund bid for Government support, which will create 100 new, high
tech and highly skilled jobs in the region.”
“Today is a significant step for us," said Barry Dennington, Plessey’s COO. “From acquiring our
first MOCVD reactor in August 2012 to having our first product in April 2013 is excellent progress.
These entry level products will be used in indicating and accent lighting applications. We will
continue to make progress in output efficiency and are on plan to release further improvements in
light output throughout this year and into next. The operating and unit costs are on plan and we
are seeing a number of routes to enhance our cost advantage over competing technologies.”
Engineering samples can be requested at the company's website: www.plesseysemi.com.
Johnson Matthey Exits Gas Purification Market CompoundSemi News Staff
April 4, 2013...Johnson Matthey reports that it is leaving the bulk gas purification market. The company, which makes many gas puification products suited to LED and compound semiconductor manufacturing, cited the slowdown in the LED fabrication market as the reason for its market exit. The company says specifically that it is getting out the business of selling systems for gas purification for bulk gases using palladium membrane, heated getter or regenerable catalytic purifying technology. The company plans to close its manufacturing facility in West Chester, Pennsylvania. As a consequence, the company will begin to wind down operations at its Gas Purification Technology (GPT) business with immediate effect. Johnson Matthey says it continues to stand behind its warranty obligations for previously purchased products.
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